Useful notes on four types of forest tropical, temperate. Occuring between 50 and 60 degrees north latitudes, boreal forests can be found in the broad belt of eurasia and north america. A great majority of the forests found in india are of this type. To evaluate the effects of the differences of forest type on the carbon and nitrogen stock capacity of the larch forest ecosystem, we selected three typical types of larch forest ecosystems in the northern part of. An evergreen forest is a forest consisting entirely or mainly of evergreen trees that retain green foliage all year round. Normally upward branches to attain maximum sunlight. Tropical deciduous forests are further classified into two types of forests on the basis of rainfall tropical moist deciduous forests and tropical dry deciduous forests.
Types of forests tropical rainforests hugely dense, lush forest with canopies preventing sunlight from getting to the floor of the forest. Forest, categories, types, functions and institutional. Global ecological forest classification and forest protected area. These ecosystems are complex webs of organisms that include plants, animals, fungi and bacteria. These forests are near the equator where there is very little seasonal variation and the solar day is a constant length all year round. Forests are home to 80% of the worlds terrestrial biodiversity. Forests are among the worlds most productive landbased ecosystems and are essential to life on earth. Its important to remember how important a role forests play in the planets ecosystem, and to do what you can in order to help the conservationists fighting to protect the plants and animals that live within the worlds forests. Write the names of the forests on the board, using the handout as a guide. Till 2017, the government of india has established 597 protected areas of which 95 are national parks and 500 wild life sanctuaries. Natural resources forests introduction a forest is a complex ecosystem which is predominantly composed of trees, shrubs and is usually a closed canopy. Cover photos of cool temperate forests from around the world. Fao reports, forest resources in europe are expected to continue to expand in.
Forest ecosystems can be found in all regions capable of sustaining tree growth, at altitudes up to the tree line, except where natural fire frequency or other disturbance is too high, or where the environment has been altered by human activity. At gapminder where also data on primary forests, wood coverage or wood removal is available the data can be plotted against a second variable. Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a nonforest use. Studying carbon and nitrogen stocks in different types of larch forest ecosystems is of great significance for assessing the carbon sink capacity and nitrogen level in larch forests.
The objectives of this study were developed within a. Mar 21, 2019 africas forest cover is estimated at 650 million hectares or 17 percent of the world s forests. Nov 20, 2017 the worlds forests are incredibly diverse and act as a carbon sink. Forests provide jobs for more than million people across the world in addition, 300 million people live in forests, including 60 million indigenous people. Forests types of forests and classification list of. Because of pollution and deforestation, many types of forests around the world are in need of extra protection. To evaluate the effects of the differences of forest type on the carbon and nitrogen stock capacity of the larch forest ecosystem, we selected three typical types of larch forest ecosystems in the northern. Also the forests have abundant microorganisms and fungi, which do. Identify geographic factors that determine the major types of forests around the world. Its important to remember how important a role forests play in the planets ecosystem, and to do what you can in order to help the conservationists fighting to protect the plants and animals that live within the world s forests. Types of forests are classified differently from one and another depending upon the species developed with the age of forests, soil found in those forests, the density of trees and history of the geological region. Three hundred million people worldwide live in forests and 1. There are also more specific types of forests within these larger regions.
These biomes are deserts, grasslands, temperate deciduous forests, rainforests, taiga, and tundras. D o n e b y g r o u p a l p h a types of forests syed hasan bari 2. Sep 12, 2017 types of forests forests types are category of forest defined concerning its geographical location, climatic and edaphic features, composition and condition. Tropical forests sean c thomas,university of toronto, toronto, ontario, canada jennifer l baltzer,university of toronto, toronto, ontario, canada tropical forests, while occupying only onetenth of the worlds land area, are disproportionately important in terms of global biogeochemical cycles and as home to more than half of the worlds. There are three types of forests that are explained briefly below. These 26 forest categories are used to enable the translation of forest types from national and regional classification systems to a harmonised global one. Rainfall can further classify the type of tropical forest. Forest and woodland biomes forest and woodland biomes are dominated by trees. The remaining tropical forests are a diversity of many different forest types including. There are four different types of forests found around the world. What types of plants and animals live where you live. A phylogenetic classification of the worlds tropical forests article pdf available in proceedings of the national academy of sciences 1158 december 2017 with 5,997 reads.
Types of forests in indiaupsc notesindian geography. Forest cover of india as per the state of forest report 20, forest cover of country is 6,97,898 sq. Types of forests explained with examples of trees geography. World bank annual data since 1990 data on forest area % of land area by country is available in the world development indicators wdi published by the world bank. Within this vast area youll find all types of habitats, from the boreal forests of canada to the jungles of brazil. Describe how economic, political, and social systems play a role in managing forests around the world for a variety of uses. Forests free fulltext carbon and nitrogen stocks in. Forests are storehouses of a large variety of life forms such as plants, mammals, birds, insects and reptiles etc. United nations environment programme world conservation monitoring centre divides the world s forest into 26 major types, which reflect climatic zones as well as the principal types of trees. Ask your students to write at least two questions about each side. The united states forest service developed and maintains maps that give you a visual representation of the 26 major forest type groups and the tree and forest density in the united states. United nations strategic plan for forests, 20172030 i. European beech fagus sylvatica forest in czech republic by scott franklin 2.
The underlying bedrock and geology of temperate forests around the world are highly variable, as are the soils, vegetation communities, disturbances, and. There are so many kinds of forest around the world. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The structure, distribution, and biomass of the worlds forests. They are found in the regions having rainfall between 70200cm. The youth guide to forests food and agriculture organization of. Classification of major kinds of forests of the world.
Earth has six ma in biomes that have particular plants and anim als. Forests are among the worlds most productive landbased ecosystems and are essential to. Forests have very tall trees that are spaced relatively close together forming a. They should be protected for their beauty and functionality. Considering those pas within iucn categories iiv, levels of protection are less than 10% for 22 out of 30 global forest types, and 67% of the 742 wwf ecoregions with. Champion and seth define it as a unit of vegetation which possesses broad characteristics in physiognomy and structure sufficiently pronounced to permit of its differentiation. Forest resources, land resources, tree species, hardwood. Between 1990 and 2015, the world lost some 129 million ha of forest, an area the size of south africa. Europes 1 million hectares of forests comprise 27 percent of the worlds total forested area and cover 45 percent of the european landscape. The relative extents of different types of forests in india are presented in the following table 11. Forests take many forms, depending on their latitude, local soil, rainfall and prevailing temperatures. The underlying bedrock and geology of temperate forests around the world are highly variable, as are the soils, vegetation communities, disturbances, and plant adaptations found within them. Different types of forests geography for kids mocomi.
A vital storehouse of biodiversity, sustaining millions of different animals, birds, algae and fish species. When we take away the forest, it is not just the trees that go. These 597 protected areas cover 5 per cent of the geographical areas of the country. The following types of forests are found in india which cover nearly 17 per cent of the total area of indian territory. The 2018 edition of the state of the worlds forests aims to do just that, presenting new information to help recognize these interlinkages and enhance our understanding of how policies on forests and trees go beyond sdg15, life on land, to contribute to achieving many other goals and targets of the 2030 agenda. Tropical forests are often thought of as evergreen rainforests and moist forests, however in reality only up to 60% of tropical forest is rainforest depending on how this is defined see maps. They inspire wonder and provide places for recreation. Classification of forests major forest types of the world. Classification of major kinds of forests of the world types of forests are classified differently from one and another depending upon the species developed with the age of forests, soil found in those forests, the density of trees and history of the geological region. Types of forests in india and world one needs to visit in a. United nations environment programme world conservation monitoring centre divides the worlds forest into 26 major types, which reflect climatic zones as well as the principal types of trees.
I think you will be surprised at how few forested acres we have when comparing the countrys total size. In this chapter, you will learn about climates and climate regions called biomes. Nations fao work with people all over the world to study forests and publish their results in a report, the global forest resources assessment. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests. Tropical, temperate and boreal forests, woodlands and tree.
These forests have the highest biological diversity and have a welldeveloped canopy tier form of vegetation. Tropical forests sean c thomas,university of toronto, toronto, ontario, canada jennifer l baltzer,university of toronto, toronto, ontario, canada tropical forests, while occupying only onetenth of the worlds land area, are disproportionately important in terms of global biogeochemical cycles and as home to. The major forest types are dry tropical forests in the sahel, eastern and southern africa, moist tropical forests in western and central africa, subtropical forest and woodlands in northern africa, and mangroves in coastal zones of the southern tip. A wide variety of boreal, temperate and subtropical forest types are represented, as well as tundra and montane formations. Tropical forests can be divided into evergreen forests and deciduous. Forests also provide habitat for a vast array of plants and animals, many of which are still undiscovered.
These are the most widespread forests out of all the types of forests in india. About 31% of earths land surface is covered by forests. Boreal forests, or taiga, represent the largest terrestial biome. In 2016, fao found that the area covered by forests in the world was still going down but more slowly than before and in some parts of the world forest area was even increasing. Forests account for 75% of the gross primary productivity of the earths biosphere, and contain 80% of the earths plant biomass. United nations strategic plan for forests, 2017 2030. Every forest is different, but some share common traits based on the local climate. Forests are so much more than a collection of trees. Forests can be classified according to a wide number of characteristics, with distinct forest types occuring within each broad category. Oct 01, 2015 tell your students that they will be learning about the four different types of forests today. World biomes major types of biome across the world include. Tropical forests are found between the line of cancer and the line of capricorn that is both 23. Tropical most tropical forests receive large continued. Classification and description of world formation types.
Roughly twothirds of the worlds tropical wet forests can be considered the equatorial type. However, by latitude, the three main types of forests are tropical, temperate, and boreal. Forests cover onethird of the worlds land surfacemore than 15. The state of the worlds forests food and agriculture organization. Ask your students to write an explanation in paragraph format for each side of the box they created in guided practice. Alpine forests northern areas chitral, dir and kohistan found on high altitude areas trees with stunted growth, due to low temperature and less sunlight. Pdf a phylogenetic classification of the worlds tropical.
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